Diamond

Description :

Diamond, self-possessed of carbon, is the hardest natural substance in the world. Each carbon atom is enclosed by four adjacent carbon atoms in a tetrahedral coordination that is the outcome of a covalent bond and a face-centered display in the cubic unit cell. Diamond is in the isometric precious stone system, which is being a sign of in the universally established as an octahedral or cubic crystal form

Where do they form?

Diamonds are formed say about 100 miles down in the earth’s mantle at a very high temperatures and pressure. They come to the earth surface only when volcanic eruptions occur. When come to the surface of the earth they are like pieces of mantle rocks known as xenoliths. There are manufactured by mining the rock which comprises of xenoliths.

Physical Properties :

Diamond is one of the transparent crystal. It bonded carbon atoms that crystallizes into the diamond lattice which is a variation of the face centered cubic structure. Diamond is the hardest natural material known, where hardness is defined as resistance to scratching and is graded between softest (1) and hardest (10) using the Mohs scale of mineral hardness. Diamond has a hardness of 10 (hardest) on this scale. Diamond's hardness has been known since antiquity, and is the source of its name. Other specialized applications also exist or are being developed, including use as semiconductors: some blue diamonds are natural semiconductors, in contrast to most other diamonds, which are excellent electrical insulators. The conductivity and blue color originate from the boron impurity. Boron substitutes for carbon atoms in the diamond lattice, donating a hole into the valence ban.

HOW TO MEASURE A DAIMOND:

When you buy a diamond ring, necklace, pendant, erring, or anything else the most important thing you must take into consideration is carat weight. Whenever you come across a diamond thing the first thing which you look upon is the stone embedded in it. Diamonds are sold based on the weight in units not based on the size of it.

The most common method used to measure a diamond is the 4C’s method which stands for CUT, CLARITY, CARAT, and COLOR.

Diamond color: level to which a diamond is colorless.

Diamond Clarity: occurrence of inclusion in a diamond

Diamond Carat:Weight of a diamond.

Diamond Cut:perspective and magnitude of a diamond

Natural Occurrence :

South Africa(49%)

Brazil.

Borneo.

India

Venezuela and Guyana.

Australia.

Congo.

Angola.

Guinea.

Sierra Leone.

Russia. 

Ruby

Description :

Ruby is a stone with a pinkish red color. It is also termed as a gem stone. Ruby is derivative from a Latin word Ruber, which means red. The appearance of it is like a crystal with a six sided prism. Ruby attains extraordinary power from its lovers over the centuries. It has been look upon as a symbol of love and passion, liberty, charity, pride and godly power. Ruby is a stone next to diamond when compared with the hardness and the pricing factor. It is one among the navagraha stones.

Ruby Gemstone fit in to the gemstone family unit of corundum. The most unadulterated form of corundum is colorless, but occurrence of trace rudiments adds color to a corundum gem. The reason of color in ruby is chromium. Ruby is derivative from a Latin word Ruber, which means red.

Where do they form?

It is formed in a natural environment with an ideal mixture of aluminum oxide, right temperature, right pressure in the earth’s crust and extremely low silicon content is a necessary. This creates rubies very hardly obtainable gems in nature.

Physical Properties :

Ruby color:

Ruby gems are found in a broad range of red like red, rose-pink, purplish-brownish red and dark deep red. The premium of all these colors being the pigeon blood red gem establish from the Burmese mines, appropriately accepted as Burmese ruby.

Ruby cut:

When you discuss on the cuts in ruby is not as important as it is in other types of stones when the pricing factor is carried only the color factor is given much importance. If the ruby is not cut properly and positioned in the right crystal direction then a gemstone would possibly offer a common look that will drag down the value severely. It is a demanding task to get a first-class cut, for a gem with the most excellent color and least amount of wastage without negotiating on the weight of this classy gemstone.

Carat:

There has been a lot of big size rubies evidenced in history; though such large sizes are exceptionally atypical nowadays. Thus as the carat size of the gem raise so do its price per carat also increases. One of the premium Star Rubies exhibit would be at Smithsonian termed as the Rosser Reeves ruby in Sri Lanka, weighing 138.7 carats.

Clarity:

There is a complete choice of the kind and size of natural inclusions that are found in the natural ruby crystals. The kinds of addition in the ruby create it simple to recognize the derivation of the gem and thus have an effect on its pricing. Mostly, an integrated ruby will consistently attain a lower price than a clearer ruby of the similar color and size.

Composition of ruby:

The element composition of ruby gem is aluminum oxide (Al 2 O3). Its exact magnitude is 3.99 to 4.00 and refractive index series is 1.760-1.768 to 1.770-1.779. Ruby’s rigidity on Mohs scale is 9. It’s the next hardest stone after diamond.

Natural Occurrence :

Ruby mines are found in Burma which is now Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka, South Africa, India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Tanzania, Kenya, Nepal and Vietnam.

Sapphire

Description : 

What is sapphire?

Sapphire, derivative from the Greek term “sapphirus”, factually means blue. Sapphire is a gem stone whose physical and chemical properties are same as the ruby. With two pyramidal features in the hexagonal system it has been crystallized. It is partially stronger and harder than ruby. Inquisitively, all corundum’s which are not rubies are grouped as sapphires, which tells that this meticulous gem is available in many colors like blue, green, pink, mauve, white, grey, violet, yellow and orange.

Where do they form?

Sapphires form in feldspathoid- posture igneous rocks beneath drenched with deference to silica. They are capable of also forming into recrystallized mineral and high-grade metamorphic rock that is deprived in silica and affluent in aluminum. This comprises marbles and mica schist’s.

Composition of sapphire:

Chemical Composition:AL2O3 + Fe

Hardness: It is considered "9" on the Mohs’ scale of

Refractive Index: 1.762-1.77

Pleochroism:Strong dichroism

Density Around: 4

Birefringence: 0.008

O-isotope composition:between 4.4 and 13.9‰

Physical Properties :

Color:

There is dissimilarity in cost among sapphires which depends on the color quality, carat size, shine and brilliance. Despite the fact that the most accepted color is blue and pink the preference of color is an individual choice and with sapphire you can discover them in a lot of colors.

Cut:

The most excellent sapphire cuts proffer a depth/width ratio superior than similar diamond cuts. Expect a deepness percentage of 65% to 80% for high-quality. Deep-cut stones as well conserve weight, raising the price of the stone with no predictable raise in the dimension of the circlet.

Clarity:

Blue sapphires have a tendency to have additional insertion than a good number of fancy color sapphires. Gemologists use the expression "inclusion" to describe uniqueness establish within a stone. Inclusion is frequently used as a sign that the gemstone is of natural origin.

Carat:

Gemstones differ in thickness, so a sapphire and a diamond of the similar carat weight are visually diverse dimensions. As sapphires are likely to be heavier, a one carat sapphire is in general to some extent lesser in size than that of a one carat diamond. The typical size for a round sapphire is 6 mm, which is about one carat.

Natural Occurrence :

Best quality is found in Kashmir (India), Pakistan. It is also found in Burma, Australia (Anakie), Sri Lanka, Thailand(Kanchanaburi), Cambodia(Pailin), Tanzania, Finnish Lapland, South India, Northwest Kenya and USA (Montana, Yogo Gulch). .

Emerald

Description :

Emerald is a mineral Gemstone From the family of Beryl. Emerald is a fragile gemstone and is delicate. Emeralds are established in the mines of coal. Black spots and fiber are often seen in it due to the presence of carbon in h it. Emerald gemstone is recognized by its black spot. In authentic emerald, crack is frequently found, but it does not have an effect on its value.

Where do they form?

Emerald crystals are formed in hydrothermal veins if the needed environment is present and if the required elements like beryllium are present. These hydrothermal veins take place when hydrothermal fluids break out from volcanic emission subterranean in the Earth/’s crust.

Composition of emerald:

It has a rigidity of 7.5-8 Mohs. All of them have an Inner gap and Cracks make them accountable to smash under Physical collision. Emeralds have a precise magnitude of 2.63 to 2.91. Definite magnitude is number of times heavier than a Gemstone of any volume is than an equivalent to the Volume of Water.

Physical Properties :

Why to wear emerald?

By wearing emerald gemstone, a man can calm down mental disturbance. Emerald gemstone is supposed to be worn particularly by diplomats, post officers, insurance officers publishers, accountants, scientists, property dealers teachers, architects medical personalities, astrologers, engineers, doctors, businessmen writers, and intellectuals. Emerald gemstone boosts up way of thinking power, presence of mind and divine power.

Color -It is green colored loveliness and is accessible in approximately all shades of green. The dissimilarity in the green color takes place due to the alteration in the chromium content there in the chemical composition of the crystal. With the augment in the quantity of chromium the color turn out to be rich and dark.

Clarity -This stone is by no means a spotless stone. It crop up in thousands of years thus would without doubt have some blemishes. The additions are measured as the element of the stone and are very well acknowledged in the precious stone engineering. Completely spotless and apparent stone is unattainable to be accessible by the Mother Nature. On the other hand, numeral of blemish would differ from one stone to another. It as well has plane crater that are crammed through the primary gemstone processing.

Carat Weight - The carat weight appropriate for trinkets bits and pieces is between 0.5 -4 carat. Gems ahead of 4 carat weight are uncommon and charged very high.

Natural Occurrence :

Emerald in best quality comes from Muzo mine in Colombia. Emeralds also found in India, Brazil, Australia, North Urals, Norway, Austria, South Africa, Rhodesia, Pakistan, Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Zambia and USA

Spinel

Description :

The spinels are any of a class of minerals of general formulation A2+B23+O42- which crystallise in the cubic (isometric) crystal system, with the oxide anions arranged in a cubic close-packed lattice and the cations A and B occupying some or all of the octahedral and tetrahedral sites in the lattice. A and B can be divalent, trivalent, or quadrivalent cations, including magnesium, zinc, iron, manganese, aluminium, chromium, titanium, and silicon. Although the anion is normally oxide, structures are also known for the rest of the chalcogenides.

Physical Properties :

Its hardness is 8, its specific gravity is 3.4-4.1 and it is transparent to opaque with a vitreous to dull lustre. It may be colorless, but is usually various shades of red, green, blue, yellow, brown or black. Some spinels are among the most famous gemstones: Among them is the Black Prince's Ruby and the 'Timur ruby' in the British Crown Jewels, and the 'cote de Bretagne' formerly from the French Crown jewels. The Samarian Spinel is the largest known spinel in the world, weighing 500carats (100g). The transparent red spinels were called spinel-rubies or balas-rubies. In the past, before the arrival of modern science, spinels and rubies were equally known as rubies. After the 18th century the word ruby was only used for the red gem variety of the mineral corundum and the word spinel became used.The ancient name for Badakhshan, a region in central Asia resided in the upper valley of the Kokcha River, one of the principal tributaries of the Oxus River. The Badakshan province was for centuries the main source for red and pink spinels.

Natural Occurrence :

Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma and Afghanistan.

Tourmaline

Description :

Tourmaline is a crystal silicate mineral compounded with elements such as magnesium , aluminum, iron, sodium, lithium. Tourmaline is classed as a semi-precious stone and the gem comes in a wide variety of colors. The name comes from the Sinhalese word "turamali" or "toramalli", which applied to different gemstones found in Sri Lanka

Physical Properties :

The style of termination at the ends of crystals is asymmetrical, called hemimorphism It belongs to the trigonal crystal system and occurs as long, slender to thick prismatic and columnar crystals that are usually triangular in cross-section. Small slender prismatic crystals are common in a fine-grained granite called aplite, often forming radial daisy-like patterns. Tourmaline is distinguished by its three-sided prisms; no other common mineral has three sides. Prisms faces often have heavy vertical striations that produce a rounded triangular effect. Tourmaline is rarely perfectly euhedral. An exception was the fine dravite tourmalines of Yinnietharra, in western Australia. The deposit was discovered in the 1970s, but is now exhausted. All hemimorphic crystals are piezoelectric, and are often pyroelectric as well. Tourmaline has variety of colors. Usually, iron-rich tourmalines are black to bluish-black to deep brown, while magnesium-rich varieties are brown to yellow, and lithium-rich tourmalines are almost any color: blue, green, red, yellow, pink etc. Rarely, it is colorless. Bi-colored and multicolored crystals are common, reflecting variations of fluid chemistry during crystallisation. Crystals may be green at one end and pink at the other, or green on the outside and pink inside: this type is called watermelon tourmaline. Some forms of tourmaline are dichroic, in that they change color when viewed from different directions. Some tourmaline gems, especially pink to red colored stones, are altered by irradiation to improve their color. Irradiation is almost impossible to detect in tourmalines, and does not impact the value. Heavily-included tourmalines, such as rubellite and Brazilian paraiba, are sometimes clarity enhanced. A clarity-enhanced tourmaline is worth much less than a non-treated gem

Natural Occurrence :

Sri Lanka

South West Africa

Afghanistan

USA (California, Maine)

Brazil

Madagascar

Tanzania

Kenya

UK Rhodesia

Nepal

Mozambique

Pakistan

Namibia and Mexico

Opal

Description :

Opal fits into the group of amorphous mineraloids because, unlike the others mineral gems, its formation is not truly crystalline. Opal consists of water and hydrated silicon dioxide.

The term opal is derived from a Greek word opallos, which means “to see changes of color", even though the Romans are believed to have based their name opalus on the Sanskrit term for precious stone, upala. Opal is described as a precious gemstone. The opal has been masked in magical and inscrutability for centuries. It is set spaced out from other gemstones because of its looks, features and vibrant colors, which vary and spark as you roll the gem in your hand. No two opals are identical.

Where do they form?

It is an arrangement of non-crystalline silica gel. Years ago, this silica gel oozes into gaps and cracks of the earth/’s sedimentary stratum. All the way through eonaeon of time and during nature/’s heating and shaping processes, the gel toughened and can nowadays be found in the outward appearance of brilliant opal.

Composition of opal:

Opal has about six to 10 per cent water and consists of small silica spheres set in a usual prototype.

Composition:Silicon dioxide SiO2nH2O

Crystallization:shapeless.

Structure:enormous; often botryoidally, stalactitic, etc

Physical Properties:H. = 5.5-6.5. g. = 1.9-2.3. V

Physical Properties :

The water as a component usually presents around three to ten percent but it can be as elevated as twenty percent. Stones with such high water percentage are very delicate and smooth to cracking and dryness and therefore their value is very low. Precious opal gemstones have 4-6% of water. Opal is a type of gel or semi-liquid material that is formed at relatively low temperature. They can originate in the fissures or gaps of any type of rocks. Most generally opal is found in the fissures of basalt, limonite, rhyolite and sandstone.Mostly Boulder opal occurs in ironstone.

COLOR-Color is root by the usual collection of silica spheres diffracting white light, and contravention it up into the colors of the spectrum. The thickness and spacing of the spheres controls the color range.

Clarity- This appealing stone have vitreous to gleaming shine and is translucent to clear in nature. It consists of enclosures and blemish just like additional semi precious gemstones. These insertions are the unconstructive feature hence; get worse the genuine value of the stone.

Cut- It is an extremely vital feature as the beauty of fundamental feature i.e. color play of the stone is reliant on cut. The cut of the stone to conclude expose its brilliance. First, the cutters take away the enclosures there in the stone with the diamond cutting wheel. The trinkets designers and shopper can get the attractive cut or the shape of this striking stone.

Carat weight- It is found in lean layers, as huge pieces are uncommon in nature. After the preliminary gemstone handing out, it is distorted into a lot of sizes so that it suits the wide-ranging jewelry designs and also arrives at as numerous people as probable. There are number of people have the financial limits so they can opt for tiny stone size with a lesser amount of carat weight.

Natural Occurrence :

Australia , Nevada, Oregon, California, Slovakia, Mexico

Aquamarine

Description :

What is Aquamarine?

Aquamarine is one of the most admired and very famous gemstones, and differentiates itself by a lot of first-rate qualities. Aquamarine is the combination of beryllium, aluminum, and silicate. Aquamarine is termed for the Latin phrase "water of the sea". It is approximately as accepted as the classics: ruby, sapphire and emerald. In reality it is connected to the emerald, both fit in to the beryl family.

Where do they form?

Indigenous rocks make possible the expansion environment for aquamarine formation. The dimension of the crystal is in relation to the cooling rate. Huge crystals are produced while the cooling is very sluggish. These gemstones get shaped in nature under precise aggressive geologic conditions. When the mineral-rich aggressive magma flowed under into the rock layers of mountain range. As it gets chilled, the magma fluid gets intent in to cavities of mineral-saturated fluid that gets heated to a very elevated temperature 1,112° F.

Composition:

VARIETY OF: Beryl, Be3 Al2 Si6 O18.

CLEAVAGE: one direction, poor.

CRYSTAL SYSTEM: hexagonal

Pleochroic: weak

BIRTHSTONE FOR: March

COLOR: various shades of blue to blue-green.

INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.57 - 1.60

BIREFRINGENCE: 0.004 - 0.008

HARDNESS: 7.5 - 8

Physical Properties :

The chemical method for aquamarine, along with all other beryls, is Be3Al2(SiO3)6. The color of the stone comes from trace amounts of iron which have become embedded in the hexagonal crystalline formation of the stone. According to nautical lore, aquamarine could make sure safe passage for sailors, and many wore the stone on their bodies or slept with an aquamarine under the pillow for peaceful sleep. Sailors also thought that mermaids had tails made of aquamarine. In the Middle Ages, many people felt that the stone had health ornate properties, and some carried it to protect themselves from poison.

The stone can be almost clear to rich blue in color, and it is sometimes heat treated to improve the color. Because of the clear, shining look of aquamarine, it is usually presented in a faceted cut, so that the faces of the stone jazz in the light. Caring for aquamarine is fairly easy, because the stone is hard and difficult to crack. It can be washed with a soft soap and water solution, and even brushed with a toothbrush if it starts to collect grime and dust. Be careful when choosing a detergent, as some detergents may respond with the metal the stone is set in, and keep aquamarine out of the heat, as this may damage the stone. The stone should maintain a suitable oil and humidity balance by being worn next to the skin, even though avoid wearing aquamarine if you have an active day planned, as the stone can crack or chip if slammed against incredible.

Color:

Stones with an obvious blue color - with no green or gray - are in general the large amount precious. Despite the reality that approximately all gemstones have some level of blemishes, the uppermost quality Aquamarine is clear, with no inner flaws or outer flaw.

Cut:

A good quality cut shows an Aquamarine's deepness of color and vivacity while enlightening the smallest amount of imperfections. Cut is very significant for setting the worth of whichever gem stone. Then the faceting (the angle at which light reflect) is as well extremely vital for the appearance of the stone.

Clarity:

The premier quality aquamarine is translucent& clear; its shade varies from near colorless to the sea green and blue skies. Make sure for any blemish in the stone. Confirm the gem do not contain any chip or scuffs.

Carat:

In aquamarines, huge gems are generally used for crafting pendants. Carat, or the measure of the dimension of the gem, is what make it additional precious. Hence, the larger the aquamarine, the further costly it will be. All in all, keep in mind that the color, cut, clarity and carat decide the quality as well as the worth of the aquamarine.

Natural Occurrence :

Brazil, Pakistan, Myanmar, Russia, China, Namibia, Mozambique, Zambia, Kenya, United States (Colorado and California), India, Siberia, Srilanka.

Topaz

Description :

What is topaz?

Topaz crystals are gemstones from traditional times, despite the fact that they went under the forename of "chrysoprasios", the yellow stone, and not "topazios". Earlier topaz was possibly lumped jointly with other yellow gems, such as yellow sapphire, beryl and chrysoberyl. The majority people recognize topaz as a yellow gemstone, and in trinkets it is observed most generally in a variety of tints from pale yellow to rich brown.

Where do they form?

Topaz is a silicate stone of aluminum and fluorine. Its chemical formula is Al2SiO4 (F, OH) 2. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic collection and its crystals are more often than not prismatic finished by pyramidal and additional faces, the basal pinacoid frequently being there.

Composition in topaz:

Composition:Topaz is nesosilicate having the composition as Al2 [(F, OH) 2/SiO4.

Hardness:8 (Mohs)

Refractive Index:1.609-1.643.

Specific Gravity:3.53 В± 0.04.

Dispersion:0.014

Crystal System:Orthorhombic crystal system.

Physical Properties :

Color:

Color of topaz is an essential feature to be kept in mind while making the acquisition. Topaz is obtainable in multiplicity of colors. Occasionally these colors are as predictable occurs else it is colored by the color center. Topaz hold chromium that is a contaminated, which when heated at about 4500 F creates unusual shades of red, orange and sometimes violet. These colors are scrutinized appropriately below an appropriate light source.

Clarity:

This translucent and clear gemstone encloses vitreous luster. Therefore, it more often than not possesses the clarity. At times, a small number of of the topaz crystals have certain inclusions that are in tear-shaped crater. Shades of red colored topaz consist not as much of clarity than other colors.

Cut:

Cut of the stone is very imperative too. Topaz has just right basal cleavage; as a result, it is relatively trouble-free to cut. Frequently it is cut as stretched out stones and gets emerald cuts, lengthened ovals, and cushion and pears figures. The pear shape with excessively slender shoulders is the shape that keeps the heaviness of the gemstone.

Natural Occurrence :

Mines of topaz are located in Australia, Namibia, Nigeria, Russia, Pakistan, Brazil, and the U.S.A.

Available Colors :

Colorless, blue, orange, pink, purple, brown, yellow, red, violet and light green.

Amethyst

 Description :

What is Amethyst?

Amethyst can occur as crystals that are six sided on either end. It is established within geodes and in alluvial put down all around the world and take place in both crystalline and immense forms. Its color is as exclusive as it is seductive, although actually this gemstone of all gemstones is believed to defend its wearer in opposition to seduction. The amethyst is lavishness in violet. For thousands of years, it stands as the outstanding representative.

Where do they form?

It is produced when red hot magma i.e. molten rock oozes into the gaps and voids of a parent rock and get chilled. It is a multifaceted elevated temperature silica solution with temperature array from 600-1200 degree centigrade. It is below high pressure and is cool, calm and collected of silica and iron.

Composition:

Variety of: Quartz, SiO2.

Birthstone for: February

Birefringence: 0.009

Hardness: 7

Cleavage: none

Crystal system: trigonal

Pleochroic: no

Color: various shades of purple.

Index of refraction: 1.544-1.553

Physical Properties :

Color -These attractive gemstones have to be purple in color. Though, diverse shades of purple are established as it is acquired from varied parts of the world that have dissimilar climatic conditions, environment of the chemical composition and warmth levels etc. By examining the shade of the stone, the country may possibly be recognized from where the particular stone is obtained.

Clarity- It is the stone with crystal obvious look. It increases an edging in excess of other reasonably priced semi precious gemstones appropriate to its clearness. By means of and big it is complimentary from inclusion and blemish but there is an all time exists the outlook that only some stones may enclose a few defects. If the stone is brilliant purple in color then a small number of slight inclusions can be abandoned and must be deserted as such imperfection rarely damage the exquisiteness of the stone. On the whole it is a spotless and obvious stone.

Cut- Cutting is not extremely complicated for this stone, it can be set with various silhouette and sizes. A number of familiar cuts are pear, oval, emerald, square, round and triangle etc. When the color is broadening equally all through the stone the cutter might provide any preferred cut as commanded by the jewelry designers and buyers. In case of not level color allocation round cuts are the most excellent to maximize the loveliness and reduce the color imperfection.

Carat Weight- This is a significant cost determinant. With the augment in carat weight the cost of the stone also augment. As this stone is reasonably charged, elevated carat weight stone can be chosen. Among the bigger stone the appearance of the ornaments gets blown up that creates the wearer center of appeal. The perfect weight for all the junks is more than 2 carat.

Natural Occurrence :Canada,USA(Marine North Carolina,Guerrero),Mexico,Vera Cruz,Brazil,Uruguay,Russia(Ural Mountains),Germany,Italy,Africa.

Peridot

Description :

What is peridot?

Peridot is derivative from the French term peritot which means vague, possibly due to the inclusion and gloomy nature of huge stones. This is extremely plain and charming gemstone is only found in single shade all over the world and that is green-gold shade. Peridot stones are created by silicate and iron.

Where do they form?

Peridot is discovered in the rocks formed by volcanoes and still in meteors that drop to earth. A small number of mock-ups of celestial peridot have yet been faceted into gems. Peridot is shaped profound in the earth under terrific high temperature and pressure.

Physical Properties :

Color:

Color is an exceptional feature of this stone. It is one among the gemstones that exist in solitary color. The essential color is light green with the slight touch of golden/yellow in it. Distinction in green is reliant on quantity of iron in the chemical composition. It is the coloring means for this good-looking gemstone; more the iron contented deeper is the green color. The finest -colored Peridot would comprise it between 2-14%.

Cut:

This marvelous gem is slight sturdy to hold during the early stages. The jagged crystals are hard to practice and term for accuracy of gemstone cutters while cutting else may smash into pieces. It is cut as indicated by the crystal formation. Stones larger in size are cut into special specimen stones whereas the smaller ones are formed as standardize gemstones.

Clarity:

Clarity of the gemstone is on the regular side. A small number of flaws are for all time there which are detached while cutting. In general the disconcerting inclusions are detached as only some fine silky inclusions are kept as it is. Stones with complete clearness can be seen but are quite exceptional.

Carat weight:

It is the major determinant of the value of the stone in monetary terms. More the carat mass more is the price. Regularly, smaller cut stones that are placed in trinkets objects are between 1- 4 carat. Gemstone which is more than 4 carat is relatively costly. Carat weight between 10- 15 is uncommon and value more.

Natural Occurrence :

Egypt, Myanmar, Afghanistan, Hawaii, China, United States of America, Tanzania, Ethiopia and Australia, Minas Gerais at Brazil, Kohistan in Pakistan, Eifel at Germany and Chihuahua at Mexico.

Turquoise

Turquoise

Description :

What is turquoise?

Turquoise is a stone that have been valued for many years. The ancient Egyptians used turquoise in jewelry. Turquoise comes in color like greenish-blue or pale sky blue. The term turquoise means Turkish stoneќ as it came to Europe by way of Turkey. Turquoise is one of the oldest pebbles recognized, as it is one of the very old gemstones; it holds great wisdom and genuineness. This gem stone is a stone of self understanding helping somebody to enhance understanding the self ideas and sentiments.

Where do they form?

Turquoise structures when water percolates all the way through rocks that have copper, aluminum and further minerals. A chemical reaction happens that results in deposits of what we be familiar with as turquoise. That/'s a basic way of recounting a procedure that take millions of years and just happens while a multifaceted set of situations come jointly.

Physical Properties :

Turquoise's physical property Beliefs

In earlier times, turquoises were even accountable as the material of comfort for the wearer. The Persian researcher Al-Qazwini, for instance, wrote: “The hand that wears a turquoise and seals with it and will never see scarcity”. Turquoises were regularly worn on the turban, and often bordered with pearls, in order to keep their wearer away from the “evil eye”As talismans, they adorned daggers, sabers and the bridles of horses. It was not waiting time of the crusades that they came to Europe. Undeniably it is from that period that the name “Turquoise” originates, meaning “Turkish”.

In South, Central and North America too, the turquoise has taken a very extraordinary point in the midst of all gemstones. The Aztecs in Mexico, for instance, used to smarten their traditional masks with this stone which was holy according to their thoughts. The Indians of North America, who still make a good deal of traditional silver jewellery with turquoises today, believe that the sky-blue gemstone opens up a direct relationship between the sky and the sea.

In the whole world, turquoises have been worn as natural protection gemstone against the powers of obscurity. If in earlier times they conserved horse and rider from unpredicted falls, they are now considered as the protecting stone of pilots, air crews and other occupational groups who are exposed to a high level of risk.

In modern gemstone healing, those who are suffering from depression are suggested to wear a turquoise or a chain with turquoise beads. The turquoise optimistic color is said to award quiet personalities with more confidence. It is suitable gift to given, a stone of friendship, for the turquoise is said to be responsible for truthfulness and reliability in relationships.

Natural Occurrence :

Iran (Nishabur and Kuh-e-Raies Mountain), Afghanistan, Tibet, China, USSR, Australia, Sinai Peninsula and USA, (Arizona, California, Nevada and New Mexico).